Lower abdominal pain that comes and goes, often described as waves of pain, is frequently due to colic, resulting from the contraction of a hollow organ. This typically involves the bowel, gallbladder, or urinary tract. Unlike pain from conditions like stomach ulcers or infections, which tends to be constant, colic pain fluctuates in intensity.
Here's a breakdown of why this happens:
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Contraction of Hollow Organs: The pain stems from the muscular walls of these organs contracting and relaxing. This rhythmic activity can cause a build-up of pressure or spasms, leading to periods of intense pain followed by periods of relief.
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Examples of Organs Involved:
- Bowel (Intestines): This is a common cause. Intestinal colic can be triggered by gas, constipation, diarrhea, or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
- Gallbladder: Gallstones can cause intermittent pain as the gallbladder contracts to release bile, especially after eating fatty foods.
- Urinary Tract (Kidneys, Bladder, Ureters): Kidney stones, urinary tract infections (UTIs), or bladder spasms can lead to fluctuating pain.
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Distinction from Constant Pain: Conditions like stomach ulcers, pancreatitis, or abdominal infections typically cause constant pain because they involve ongoing inflammation or damage to the affected organ. Colic, on the other hand, is more about temporary muscular activity.
Possible Causes and Related Symptoms:
| Organ Involved | Possible Cause | Other Symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| Bowel | Gas, Constipation, IBS, Diarrhea | Bloating, altered bowel habits, nausea, vomiting |
| Gallbladder | Gallstones | Pain after fatty meals, nausea, vomiting, pain radiating to back |
| Urinary Tract | Kidney Stones, UTI, Bladder Spasms | Painful urination, frequent urination, blood in urine |
When to Seek Medical Attention:
While intermittent abdominal pain can be harmless, it's crucial to see a doctor if you experience any of the following:
- Severe pain
- Fever
- Blood in your stool or urine
- Persistent vomiting
- Inability to pass gas or stool
- Significant abdominal tenderness
In summary, lower abdominal pain that comes and goes is often due to the contraction of a hollow organ, most commonly the bowel, gallbladder, or urinary tract. Identifying the specific cause and seeking medical attention when necessary is crucial for proper diagnosis and management.
