The jaw thrust position is a manual maneuver used primarily in emergency situations to open the airway by lifting the jaw forward, preventing the tongue from blocking the trachea.
Understanding the Jaw Thrust Maneuver
The jaw thrust is a technique employed to create a clear path for air to enter the lungs when the airway is potentially obstructed, often by the tongue. This maneuver is particularly useful when a neck injury is suspected, as it can be performed without extending the neck, unlike the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver.
How is it Performed?
According to the provided reference, the jaw thrust is performed by:
- Placing the index and middle fingers on the posterior (back) aspects of the lower jaw (mandible).
- Physically pushing the lower jaw upwards using these fingers.
- Simultaneously, the thumbs push down on the chin to help open the mouth.
Why is it Performed?
The primary purpose of the jaw thrust is to open a blocked airway. When the mandible (lower jaw) is displaced forward during the maneuver, it pulls the tongue forward. This action is crucial because the tongue can relax and fall back into the throat, especially in unconscious individuals, effectively preventing it from obstructing the entrance to the trachea (windpipe).
When is it Used?
The jaw thrust is a key component of basic airway management techniques, often taught in first aid, CPR, and advanced medical training. It is typically used:
- In unconscious individuals who are not breathing normally.
- When airway obstruction by the tongue is suspected.
- Specifically, when a head or neck injury is a concern, as it minimizes movement of the cervical spine.
Key Actions
Here's a breakdown of the steps involved:
- Position yourself at the top of the person's head.
- Place index and middle fingers under the angles of the jaw.
- Lift the jaw upwards and outwards with your fingers.
- Use your thumbs on the chin to slightly open the mouth.
- Maintain the position to keep the airway open.
This maneuver is a vital step in assessing or restoring breathing before other interventions like rescue breaths.
