Evaluating algebraic expressions involves substituting given numerical values for variables and then simplifying the resulting arithmetic expression. Here's a step-by-step guide based on the provided reference:
Steps to Evaluate Algebraic Expressions
The process consists of three key steps:
-
Obtain the value of variables: The first step is to identify and note the numerical values assigned to each variable in the algebraic expression.
-
Substitute the numerical value: Replace each variable in the expression with its corresponding numerical value.
-
Simplify the arithmetic expression: Apply the order of operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS) to simplify the resulting numerical expression. This ensures you perform operations in the correct sequence: Parentheses/Brackets, Exponents/Orders, Multiplication and Division (from left to right), and Addition and Subtraction (from left to right).
Detailed Explanation with Examples
Let's break down each step with illustrative examples:
1. Obtain the value of variables
This step involves understanding what values are given for each variable in the problem. For instance:
- If the problem states "Evaluate
2x + 3
wherex = 5
," then the value of the variablex
is 5.
2. Substitute the numerical value
Next, substitute the obtained values into the algebraic expression. Continuing the example above:
- Substitute
x = 5
into2x + 3
to get2(5) + 3
.
3. Simplify the arithmetic expression using the order of operations
Now, simplify the expression 2(5) + 3
using the correct order of operations:
- Multiplication:
2 * 5 = 10
- Addition:
10 + 3 = 13
Therefore, the value of the algebraic expression 2x + 3
when x = 5
is 13.
Example with Multiple Variables and Operations
Consider the expression 3a + b^2 - c
, where a = 2
, b = 4
, and c = 1
.
-
Obtain values:
a = 2
,b = 4
,c = 1
-
Substitute:
3(2) + (4)^2 - 1
-
Simplify:
- Exponents:
4^2 = 16
- Multiplication:
3 * 2 = 6
- Addition:
6 + 16 = 22
- Subtraction:
22 - 1 = 21
- Exponents:
Thus, the value of the expression 3a + b^2 - c
is 21 when a = 2
, b = 4
, and c = 1
.
Order of Operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS)
To avoid errors, always adhere to the order of operations:
- Parentheses / Brackets
- Exponents / Orders
- Multiplication and Division (from left to right)
- Addition and Subtraction (from left to right)