You feel allergies because your immune system mistakenly identifies a harmless substance, called an allergen, as a threat like a germ or virus. Your body then produces antibodies to fight this perceived invader, triggering allergic symptoms.
Understanding Allergic Reactions
When you encounter an allergen (e.g., pollen, pet dander, certain foods), your immune system overreacts. This overreaction involves the production of antibodies (specifically IgE antibodies) which then trigger the release of histamine and other chemicals. These chemicals cause the characteristic allergy symptoms.
Common Allergic Symptoms:
- Sneezing
- Itching
- Hives
- Shortness of breath
- Runny nose
- Watery eyes
- Coughing
This immune system response, as noted in the provided reference, is meant to fight off germs and viruses, but it's misdirected in the case of allergies. The body's attempt to defend against a harmless substance results in the uncomfortable symptoms we associate with allergies.
The severity of allergic reactions can vary greatly from person to person and depends on the type and amount of allergen exposure. While most allergic reactions are mild, some can be severe and even life-threatening (anaphylaxis).
Examples of Allergens:
- Pollen (from trees, grasses, weeds)
- Pet dander (skin flakes from animals)
- Dust mites
- Mold spores
- Certain foods (peanuts, milk, eggs, shellfish)
- Insect stings
Remember, if you suspect you have allergies, it's crucial to consult a doctor or allergist for proper diagnosis and management. They can help identify your specific allergens and recommend appropriate treatment options.
