Allergic reactions range in severity from mild to life-threatening.
Understanding Allergic Reactions
An allergic reaction happens when your immune system mistakenly identifies a harmless substance (allergen) as a threat. This triggers a response, ranging from mild symptoms like a runny nose or itchy skin to severe, potentially fatal reactions.
Mild Allergic Reactions
Many allergic reactions are mild and cause discomfort but aren't dangerous. Examples include:
- Runny nose
- Sneezing
- Itchy eyes
- Hives
Severe Allergic Reactions
The most severe allergic reaction is anaphylaxis, also known as anaphylactic shock. This is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms include:
- Difficulty breathing
- Swelling of the throat or tongue
- Rapid pulse
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Loss of consciousness
Anaphylaxis can occur within minutes or hours of exposure to an allergen and can be fatal if not treated promptly. Eight foods or food groups account for most serious allergic reactions, leading to anaphylaxis. A family history of allergies increases the risk of severe reactions.
Seeking Medical Attention
If you experience symptoms of a severe allergic reaction, seek immediate medical help. Early intervention is crucial in preventing life-threatening complications. Many individuals with severe allergies carry an epinephrine auto-injector (like an EpiPen) for emergency use.
