Yes, allergies can cause headaches, specifically two types: sinus headaches and migraines. This connection arises from the inflammatory response triggered by allergens.
How Allergies Lead to Headaches
Allergies cause inflammation in the body. This inflammation can affect the sinuses and blood vessels in the brain, leading to pain.
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Sinus Headaches: Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) is a common culprit. Inflammation of the sinus cavities from nasal congestion creates pressure, causing pain in the forehead, cheeks, and around the eyes. This pressure is the hallmark of a sinus headache.
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Migraine Headaches: While the exact mechanism isn't fully understood, studies show a link between allergies and migraines. The inflammatory response associated with allergies might trigger or worsen migraine attacks. These headaches are often throbbing, usually on one side of the head, and can be accompanied by nausea and sensitivity to light.
Many sources confirm this link: the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI) https://acaai.org/allergies/symptoms/headaches/, the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) https://www.aaaai.org/tools-for-the-public/conditions-library/allergies/headaches-connected-to-allergies-and-sinus-problem, and numerous other medical websites all state that allergies can trigger both sinus headaches and migraines. Even in children, allergies like allergic rhinitis, food allergies, and others can lead to headaches https://choc.org/neuroscience/headaches/.
While a "true" food allergy rarely causes a headache directly https://nationalheadacheinstitute.com/blog/can-food-allergies-cause-headaches/, food sensitivities or intolerances might contribute to headaches indirectly through inflammation.
It's important to note that an "allergy headache" isn't a formal medical diagnosis. If you experience headaches frequently, consult a doctor to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.
