Whether it's OK to use old bullets largely depends on their type and storage conditions. Generally, factory-manufactured ammunition has a longer shelf life than reloaded ammunition.
Factory Ammunition
Factory ammunition, produced with premium components and strict manufacturing standards, can often be safely used even after decades of storage (20-50 years), assuming it has been stored properly in a cool, dry place. Many ballistics experts report successfully firing very old factory ammunition.
Reloaded Ammunition
Using old reloaded ammunition is generally not advised. The consistency and quality control inherent in factory ammunition production are often lacking in reloads, making them less reliable over time. The exact components and loading specifics might also be unknown, increasing the risk.
Factors Affecting Ammunition Lifespan
Several factors can affect the lifespan and usability of ammunition:
- Storage Conditions: Heat and humidity are detrimental. Ammunition should be stored in a cool, dry place.
- Corrosion: Check for signs of corrosion on the bullet, case, and primer. Corroded ammunition should not be used.
- Primer Condition: The primer must be in good condition to ignite the powder. If the primer appears damaged or deteriorated, the round is unsafe to fire.
- Bullet Seating: Check if the bullet is still firmly seated in the case. If it's loose, the round may not function properly.
- Powder Degradation: Changes in powder color, smell, or consistency can indicate degradation, rendering the ammunition unsafe.
Safety Precautions
- Inspect Ammunition Carefully: Before using any old ammunition, thoroughly inspect each round for signs of damage or deterioration.
- Use Caution: When firing old ammunition, be prepared for the possibility of misfires or squib loads (where the bullet doesn't exit the barrel).
- Wear Safety Gear: Always wear appropriate eye and ear protection when shooting.
- Start Small: If you decide to use old factory ammunition, start with a small batch to test its reliability.
In summary, using old factory ammunition is generally considered acceptable if properly stored and inspected. However, using old reloaded ammunition is not recommended due to potential safety concerns. Always prioritize safety when handling and firing any ammunition, regardless of its age.
