Bilateral bones are those that exist on both the left and right sides of the body, mirroring each other across the sagittal plane. Several bones in the human body are bilateral. Here are some examples:
Skull Bones
- Parietal Bones: These form the superior and lateral aspects of the cranium. They overlie the parietal lobes of the brain and are covered by the epicranial aponeurosis. They are specifically mentioned in the provided reference.
- Temporal Bones: Located on the sides and base of the skull, they house the structures of the inner ear and contribute to the zygomatic arch.
Facial Bones
- Maxillae (Maxillary Bones): These bones form the upper jaw, part of the orbits, and the nasal cavity.
- Zygomatic Bones: Commonly known as cheekbones, they form the prominences of the cheeks and contribute to the lateral wall of the orbit.
- Nasal Bones: These small bones form the bridge of the nose.
- Lacrimal Bones: Small bones located at the medial wall of the orbit, they contribute to the nasolacrimal canal.
- Palatine Bones: These bones form the posterior part of the hard palate, part of the nasal cavity, and a small part of the orbits.
- Inferior Nasal Conchae (Turbinates): These scroll-shaped bones project into the nasal cavity from its lateral walls.
Other Bones
- Clavicles: The collarbones, connecting the sternum to the scapula.
- Scapulae: The shoulder blades, located on the posterior aspect of the thorax.
- Ribs: These bones protect the thoracic cavity and aid in respiration.
- Bones of the Upper Limbs: Humerus, radius, ulna, carpals (some), metacarpals, and phalanges.
- Bones of the Lower Limbs: Femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals (some), metatarsals, and phalanges.
In essence, many bones in the body are bilateral, contributing to the symmetry and functionality of the skeletal system.
