The three sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve are the ophthalmic nerve, maxillary nerve, and mandibular nerve.
These three branches are responsible for transmitting sensory information, such as touch, pain, and temperature, from the face to the brain. Let's break down each branch:
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Ophthalmic Nerve (V1): This is the superior branch. It supplies sensation to the forehead, upper eyelid, conjunctiva, cornea, and the skin of the nose.
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Maxillary Nerve (V2): This is the intermediate branch. It provides sensation to the lower eyelid, cheek, upper lip, upper teeth, nasal mucosa, palate, and parts of the pharynx.
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Mandibular Nerve (V3): This is the inferior branch, and unique as it also contains a motor component. Sensation from the lower lip, lower teeth, chin, and parts of the ear are carried by this nerve. Motor function involves the muscles of mastication (chewing).
In summary, the trigeminal nerve's three sensory divisions—ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular—are crucial for facial sensation and contribute to various reflexes and functions.
