"Synovial" refers to a type of connective tissue that lines the cavities of joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae (fluid-filled sacs between tendons and bones). This membrane is responsible for producing synovial fluid, which acts as a lubricant for the joints, allowing them to move smoothly.
Here's a breakdown of what "synovial" encompasses:
- Synovial membrane: This thin tissue layer protects the joints and helps them move smoothly.
- Synovial fluid: This thick, clear liquid lubricates the joints and provides nutrients to the cartilage.
Examples of synovial structures:
- Joints: The knee, elbow, shoulder, and hip are all examples of synovial joints.
- Tendon sheaths: These are tubes of synovial membrane that surround tendons, allowing them to glide smoothly over bones.
- Bursae: These are small, fluid-filled sacs that cushion tendons and ligaments.
Applications of the term "synovial":
- Synovitis: Inflammation of the synovial membrane, often caused by arthritis.
- Synovial fluid analysis: A diagnostic test used to analyze the fluid from a joint to identify the cause of joint pain and inflammation.
- Synovial sarcoma: A type of cancer that arises from the synovial membrane.
