The pad between bones is generally referred to as cartilage, specifically articular cartilage in the context of joints. However, other structures like intervertebral discs also act as pads between bones. Therefore, the specific answer depends on the location you're referring to.
Cartilage at Joints
Articular cartilage is a smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they meet at joints.
- Function: It reduces friction, absorbs shock, and allows for smooth movement within the joint.
- Types: The most common type is hyaline cartilage.
- Location: Found at the ends of bones within synovial joints (e.g., knee, hip, shoulder).
Intervertebral Discs
Between the vertebrae of the spine, you'll find intervertebral discs. These are also cartilaginous structures acting as cushions.
- Function: These discs act as shock absorbers for the spine, preventing vertebrae from grinding against each other and allowing for flexibility.
- Composition: Each disc has a tough outer layer (annulus fibrosus) and a gel-like inner core (nucleus pulposus).
- Location: Between each vertebra in the spine, from the neck to the lower back.
Joint Capsule
While not exactly a "pad", the joint capsule also plays a crucial role. It surrounds the joint and contributes to stability and cushioning.
- Function: Encloses the joint, providing support and containing synovial fluid for lubrication.
- Layers: Composed of an outer fibrous layer and an inner synovial membrane, which produces synovial fluid.
- Location: Surrounding synovial joints.
Therefore, the term that best describes the "pad" between bones is usually cartilage, either in the form of articular cartilage within a joint or an intervertebral disc in the spine.
