The oldest civilization in the world is generally considered to be Sumerian culture.
Around 4000 B.C., the Sumerians established their civilization in Mesopotamia, primarily in what is now Iraq. This early phase marks the recognized start of their distinct culture, making them a prime candidate for the title of "oldest civilization." While other cultures existed around this time, the Sumerians exhibited characteristics that define civilization, such as urban centers, a system of writing (cuneiform), organized religion, and advancements in agriculture and governance.
While the debate continues and new archaeological discoveries may alter the timeline, current evidence strongly supports Sumer as the oldest.
