Raccoons have historically been the animal most frequently reported with rabies in the United States.
While rabies can affect any mammal, certain species act as reservoirs, meaning they maintain the virus within their populations and are primarily responsible for its spread. In the United States, these reservoir species vary by region. Raccoons have been a significant reservoir, particularly in the eastern part of the country.
Here's a breakdown:
- Raccoons: Predominantly found with rabies in the eastern United States (southeastern, mid-Atlantic, and northeastern states).
- Skunks: Common rabies vectors in the central and western United States.
- Bats: The most common source of human rabies infections in the United States, even though they may not be the most reported rabid animal. Their small size and nocturnal habits often lead to undetected exposures.
- Foxes: Contribute to rabies cases, especially in certain regions.
The prominence of raccoons as the most reported rabid animal is due to several factors, including their widespread distribution, adaptability to urban environments, and the presence of a distinct raccoon rabies virus variant. Surveillance programs and reporting systems also play a role in identifying and tracking cases. While the number of reported rabid animals varies from year to year, raccoons consistently remain at the top of the list in the United States based on historical data.
It's important to note that the specific animal with the "most" rabies may change over time and vary by geographic location. It is essential to consult current data from public health agencies like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for the most up-to-date information.
