While you don't actually sharpen the blades of a waste disposal (they are not blades, but rather impellers or swivel lugs that grind food waste), you can clean and optimize its performance to give the impression of sharpening by removing buildup. One common method involves using citrus fruit.
Here's how to clean your garbage disposal using lemons:
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Cut the lemon: Slice half a lemon into wedges.
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Introduce the lemon: Drop the lemon wedges down the disposal.
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Run the water: Turn your tap water on so it is flowing down the garbage disposal.
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Activate the disposal: Turn your garbage disposal on and allow it to run until you don't hear it grinding anymore. This process helps dislodge buildup and deodorize the unit.