Haze can worsen existing asthma and trigger asthma attacks in susceptible individuals. It doesn't cause asthma itself, but it significantly exacerbates the condition.
How Haze Affects Asthma Sufferers
Haze, primarily composed of pollutants like particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone, irritates the airways. For people with asthma, this irritation can lead to:
- Increased inflammation: Haze particles inflame the airways, making them more sensitive and prone to constriction.
- Bronchospasm: This inflammation can trigger bronchospasm, causing the airways to narrow and making breathing difficult.
- Asthma attacks: These attacks can range from mild to severe, requiring medical intervention.
- Increased symptom severity: Existing asthma symptoms, such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath, can worsen significantly during hazy periods.
Example: A person with well-controlled asthma may experience a significant increase in coughing and wheezing during periods of heavy haze, requiring the use of their rescue inhaler more frequently.
It's crucial to understand that haze doesn't create asthma; it acts as a trigger for those already predisposed to the condition. Individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or other lung diseases are particularly vulnerable to the negative impacts of haze. As noted in a reference, haze may trigger asthma attacks and acute bronchitis in patients with lung diseases. This can potentially be serious, hence these patients need to seek early medical attention and treatment.
Protective Measures
People with asthma should take extra precautions during hazy conditions:
- Stay indoors: Limit time spent outdoors, especially during periods of high pollution.
- Use air purifiers: High-quality air purifiers with HEPA filters can significantly reduce indoor air pollution.
- Follow medical advice: Consult with a doctor or asthma specialist about appropriate management strategies during hazy periods. This might include adjusting medication dosages or having a plan for managing severe attacks.
- Monitor air quality: Stay informed about air quality indices and adjust activities accordingly.
