O3 gas is ozone, a colorless and odorless gas composed of three oxygen atoms. It naturally occurs in the Earth's atmosphere, both in the upper stratosphere and at ground level in the troposphere. Ozone plays a crucial role in protecting life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. However, ground-level ozone is a pollutant that can damage human health and the environment.
Here are some key points about ozone:
- Stratospheric Ozone: Formed naturally through the interaction of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation with molecular oxygen (O2), this layer shields Earth from harmful UV radiation.
- Ground-Level Ozone: Forms when nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react in the presence of sunlight and heat. These pollutants are released from sources like vehicle exhaust, industrial emissions, and chemical reactions.
- Health Impacts: Ground-level ozone can cause respiratory problems, especially for people with asthma and other lung conditions.
- Environmental Impacts: Ozone can damage plants, reduce crop yields, and contribute to acid rain.
