A temperature inversion smoke refers to smoke that gets trapped near the ground due to a phenomenon called temperature inversion.
Understanding Temperature Inversions and Smoke
Normally, air temperature decreases with increasing altitude. A temperature inversion occurs when this normal pattern is reversed; a layer of warm air sits above a layer of cooler air closer to the ground. This "cap" of warm air prevents the cooler, denser air from rising.
How Temperature Inversions Trap Smoke
Since smoke is also made up of particles and gases, it behaves similarly to the cooler air near the ground. The warm air "lid" prevents the smoke from rising and dispersing, causing it to accumulate in lower elevations, valleys, and near the ground. This is particularly common at night and during early morning hours, as the ground cools and chills the air immediately above it.
Sources of Smoke Involved
The smoke trapped by a temperature inversion can originate from various sources:
- Prescribed Burns: Agricultural or forestry burns intended to clear land or manage forests.
- Wildfires: Uncontrolled fires in natural areas.
- Wood Burning Stoves: Smoke from residential heating.
Effects of Temperature Inversion Smoke
The accumulation of smoke near the ground due to temperature inversions can lead to:
- Reduced Visibility: Making driving and other activities dangerous.
- Air Quality Issues: Increased concentrations of particulate matter and other pollutants can negatively impact respiratory health.
- Health Risks: Particularly for individuals with asthma, COPD, and other respiratory conditions.
Mitigation
While natural processes eventually break down temperature inversions, some mitigation strategies include:
- Controlling burns: Carefully planning and executing prescribed burns to minimize smoke production.
- Public awareness: Alerting the public to potential air quality impacts during inversion events.
- Reducing emissions: Encouraging the use of cleaner burning technologies.
