How do you create 3D from 2D in AutoCAD?

The primary method for creating 3D objects from 2D drawings in AutoCAD is by using the Extrude command.

Here's a breakdown of the process:

Ensure a Closed 2D Shape: Your 2D geometry must be a closed shape (e.g., a circle, rectangle, or a polyline that forms a closed loop). Open shapes cannot be extruded into a solid object.
Activate the Extrude Command: Type EXTRUDE in the command line and press Enter, or locate the "Extrude" icon in the "Model" tab under the "3D Modeling" panel on the ribbon.
Select the 2D Object(s): AutoCAD will prompt you to select the object(s) you want to extrude. Select your closed 2D shape(s) and press Enter.
Specify the Extrusion Height: Enter the desired height for the 3D object. This value determines the depth of the extrusion. You can also specify a negative value to extrude in the opposite direction.
(Optional) Specify the Angle of Taper: After specifying the height, AutoCAD may prompt you for a taper angle. A taper angle allows you to create a tapered extrusion. A positive angle tapers inward, while a negative angle tapers outward. Press Enter to accept the default (0 angle) for a straight extrusion.

Example:

Let's say you've drawn a circle with a radius of 5 units. To turn this circle into a 3D cylinder:

You've now created a cylinder with a radius of 5 and a height of 10.

Other 3D Creation Methods in AutoCAD:

While Extrude is the most common, here are a few other methods for generating 3D models from 2D objects in AutoCAD:

Revolve: Creates a 3D solid by revolving a 2D object around an axis. Useful for creating symmetrical objects like vases or bowls.
Sweep: Creates a 3D solid by sweeping a 2D object along a path. Useful for creating pipes or railings.
Loft: Creates a 3D solid by interpolating between several cross-sectional 2D shapes. Useful for creating complex, organic shapes.

Extrusion is the fundamental and most frequently used method for elevating your 2D designs into the third dimension in AutoCAD.

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