RNP antibodies, or antibodies to ribonucleoprotein, are autoantibodies frequently found in high levels in individuals with various systemic rheumatic diseases.
These antibodies are particularly associated with:
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): While present, they don't define the disease.
- Progressive Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma): Their presence can influence the clinical presentation.
- Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD): RNP antibodies are often a hallmark of MCTD, a distinct autoimmune disease exhibiting overlapping features of SLE, scleroderma, and polymyositis.
Therefore, the detection of RNP antibodies plays a significant role in diagnosing and differentiating these overlapping autoimmune conditions. The presence and titer (level) of RNP antibodies can help clinicians distinguish between similar-appearing conditions and tailor treatment strategies accordingly.
