An electric soap dispenser works by using a sensor to detect your hands, which then activates a small pump to release a predetermined amount of soap.
The Science Behind Touchless Dispensing
The core of an electric soap dispenser's functionality lies in its ability to detect when hands are present without physical contact. This is typically achieved using a sensor, most commonly an infrared sensor.
As explained in the reference:
- Infrared sensors detect infrared energy that is emitted by one's body heat.
- When hands are placed in the proximity of the sensor, the infrared energy quickly fluctuates.
- This fluctuation triggers the pump to activate and dispense the designated amount of soap.
Essentially, the sensor acts as the "eyes" of the dispenser. It constantly monitors the area in front of it for changes in infrared radiation caused by the warmth of your hands. When it detects this change, it sends a signal to the dispenser's internal mechanism.
From Sensor Signal to Soap
Once the infrared sensor detects your hands and registers the fluctuation in infrared energy, it sends a low-voltage signal to a small electric motor connected to a pump.
Here's a simplified breakdown of the process:
- Hand Detection: Your hands approach the dispenser's sensor area.
- Infrared Fluctuation: The sensor detects the heat from your hands, causing the infrared energy reading to change rapidly.
- Signal Generation: The sensor translates this fluctuation into an electrical signal.
- Pump Activation: This signal activates the small electric motor which drives a pump mechanism (often a peristaltic or gear pump).
- Soap Dispensing: The pump pushes the liquid soap from the reservoir through a nozzle and into your hands.
This automated process ensures a hygienic, touch-free way to get soap, reducing the spread of germs compared to manual dispensers. The amount of soap dispensed is usually controlled by the dispenser's internal programming or the design of the pump mechanism, ensuring you get a consistent amount each time.
