SCADA stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition.
SCADA systems are used to control and monitor industrial processes. They collect data from remote locations, transmit it to a central control station, and allow operators to control the processes from that central location. These systems are crucial for industries ranging from manufacturing and energy to water and transportation. The "Supervisory Control" aspect involves overseeing and managing entire systems, not just individual devices. "Data Acquisition" refers to the gathering of information from sensors and devices in the field.
Here's a breakdown of what each part of the acronym represents:
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Supervisory: This component allows operators to oversee the entire process, set setpoints, and make high-level control decisions.
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Control: SCADA systems enable remote control of equipment and processes, such as starting and stopping pumps, opening and closing valves, and adjusting process parameters.
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Data Acquisition: This is the process of collecting data from various sensors and devices in the field, such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and level. This data is then transmitted to the central control station for monitoring and analysis.
SCADA systems generally include:
- Human-Machine Interface (HMI): Provides a graphical interface for operators to monitor and control the system.
- Remote Terminal Units (RTUs): Connect to sensors and actuators in the field and transmit data to the control station.
- Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs): Used for local control and automation of individual processes.
- Communication Network: Enables communication between the control station, RTUs, and PLCs.
