Lead-acid batteries are the most common type of battery used in automobiles. However, other technologies are emerging.
Lead-Acid Batteries: The Workhorse of Automotive Power
The lead-acid battery, specifically the lead storage cell, is the primary battery used for starting, lighting, and ignition (SLI) in most conventional automobiles. It's a secondary cell, meaning it's rechargeable. This type of battery utilizes a lead anode and a lead dioxide cathode immersed in a sulfuric acid electrolyte. Its robustness, relatively low cost, and ability to deliver high current make it ideal for this application.
Emerging Technologies: Fuel Cells and Other Battery Types
While lead-acid batteries dominate the traditional automotive landscape, newer vehicle types are exploring alternative power sources:
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Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs): These vehicles use fuel cells, which convert hydrogen fuel into electricity. Unlike lead-acid batteries, fuel cells don't store energy; they generate it on demand. FCEVs are gaining traction as a cleaner alternative, emitting only water vapor. They often incorporate a battery for temporary energy storage and to assist with acceleration. https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/fuel-cell
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Electric Vehicles (EVs): Electric vehicles use various types of rechargeable batteries, including cylindrical, prismatic, and pouch cells. These batteries store electrical energy, which powers the vehicle's motor. https://www.laserax.com/blog/ev-battery-cell-types
In summary, while the lead-acid battery remains prevalent in conventional vehicles, fuel cell and various other battery technologies are increasingly important in modern electric and alternative fuel automobiles.
