The two main causes of B12 deficiency are pernicious anemia and conditions affecting the small intestines.
Understanding B12 Deficiency
Vitamin B12 is crucial for nerve function, DNA production, and red blood cell formation. A deficiency can lead to various health issues, making it important to understand its causes. It's important to note that even with adequate dietary intake or supplementation, absorption issues can still lead to deficiency.
Two Main Causes of B12 Deficiency
Here's a breakdown of the two primary causes of B12 deficiency based on the reference material:
Pernicious Anemia
- Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of B12 deficiency.
- It's an autoimmune condition where the body cannot produce intrinsic factor, a protein needed to absorb B12 in the small intestine.
- Even if someone consumes enough B12 through diet or supplements, the body can't absorb it without intrinsic factor.
Small Intestine Conditions
Various conditions affecting the small intestine can impair B12 absorption:
- Crohn's disease: This inflammatory bowel disease can damage the ileum, where B12 is absorbed.
- Celiac disease: An autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten can damage the small intestine's lining, reducing B12 absorption.
- Bacterial growth: Overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine can compete for B12, reducing its availability for the body.
- Parasites: Intestinal parasites can interfere with B12 absorption.
Summary Table
| Cause | Description |
|---|---|
| Pernicious Anemia | Autoimmune condition causing lack of intrinsic factor, which is needed for B12 absorption. |
| Small Intestine Issues | Conditions like Crohn's disease, celiac disease, bacterial overgrowth, or parasites that interfere with B12 absorption in the small intestine. |
