What Bacteria Cause Meningitis?
Several types of bacteria can cause meningitis, a serious infection of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The most common culprits include:
- Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): This bacterium is a significant cause of bacterial meningitis, particularly in outbreaks. Several serogroups exist (A, B, C, W, X, Y, and Z), each with varying prevalence in different regions. [Source: NHS, CDC]
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus): This is frequently cited as the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in infants, young children, and adults in some countries like the United States. [Source: Mayo Clinic]
- Haemophilus influenzae: While the Hib (type b) strain was once a major cause, widespread vaccination has significantly reduced its incidence. [Source: NHS, CDC]
- Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus): This bacterium is a common cause of meningitis in newborns. [Source: Implicit in provided references, understood through context]
While these are the most commonly mentioned bacteria, it is important to remember that many other bacteria can cause meningitis. The specific bacteria causing an infection can vary based on geographic location, age, and other factors. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial due to the potential for severe complications.
