Voltage in a battery is created when electrons move from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit. The anode and cathode are separated, preventing the free flow of electrons directly between them.
Here's a breakdown of the process:
-
Separation of Anode and Cathode: The physical separation of the anode and cathode prevents electrons from freely moving between them.
-
External Circuit Connection: When the battery terminals are connected by a conductor, the electrons can move from the anode to the cathode, creating voltage. This connection completes the circuit.
-
Electron Flow: Electrons flow from the anode (negative terminal) through the external circuit to the cathode (positive terminal).
-
Voltage Generation: This flow of electrons generates an electrical potential difference, which we measure as voltage.
In summary, the chemical reactions within the battery create an imbalance of electrons, and connecting the battery to a circuit allows these electrons to flow, producing voltage.
