The voltage of a cell battery depends entirely on the battery's chemistry. There's no single answer.
Common Battery Types and Their Voltages
Different battery chemistries produce different voltages. Here are some examples:
- Alkaline Coin Cell Batteries: These have a nominal voltage of 1.5V. (Source: Provided text)
- Lithium Coin Cell Batteries: These typically offer a nominal voltage of 3V. (Source: Provided text)
- Lithium-ion (Li-ion) Batteries: While individual Li-ion cells have a nominal voltage of 3.7V, equipment manufacturers often use a nominal voltage of 3.60V for Li-ion systems. (Source: Battery University, https://batteryuniversity.com/article/bu-303-confusion-with-voltages)
- Lead-acid Car Batteries: These output 12V. (Source: SparkFun Learn, https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/battery-technologies/all)
- LiFePO4 Batteries: A fully charged LiFePO4 cell has a voltage of approximately 3.65V, while a 90% charged cell has about 3.46V per cell. (Source: DIY Solar Power Forum, https://diysolarforum.com/threads/lifepo4-voltage-chart.3156/)
It's important to note that the "nominal voltage" is an average. The actual voltage of a battery can vary depending on its state of charge and the load applied. For instance, a nearly depleted LiPo battery cell might read as low as 3.2V, while a fully charged cell will read higher. (Source: various Reddit and StackExchange threads provided.)
Furthermore, the voltage can be increased by connecting cells in series. For example, a 12V lead-acid car battery consists of multiple 2.1V cells connected in series. (Source: Progressive Dynamics, https://www.progressivedyn.com/battery-basics/)
Always consult the specifications of your specific battery to know its voltage.
