A critical high bilirubin level is a threshold indicating a potentially dangerous buildup of bilirubin in the blood, requiring prompt medical attention.
Understanding Critical Bilirubin Levels
Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. The liver usually processes bilirubin, but if it can't, levels can become dangerously high, leading to conditions such as jaundice and, in severe cases, neurological damage. Critical levels vary based on age.
Critical Bilirubin Levels by Age
| Group | Critical Bilirubin Level |
|---|---|
| Adults | 12 mg/dL |
| Newborns | 15 mg/dL |
- Adults: A total bilirubin level of 12 mg/dL is considered critically high for adults. This indicates a serious issue with liver function or red blood cell breakdown.
- Newborns: A total bilirubin level of 15 mg/dL is considered critically high in newborns. This is a concern as it can lead to brain damage if not treated.
Implications of High Bilirubin Levels
High bilirubin levels can indicate various underlying conditions:
- Liver Disease: Conditions like hepatitis or cirrhosis can impair the liver's ability to process bilirubin.
- Gallstones: Blockages in the bile ducts can prevent bilirubin from being excreted.
- Hemolytic Anemia: Excessive breakdown of red blood cells releases more bilirubin than the liver can handle.
- Newborn Jaundice: Often caused by the newborn’s immature liver, severe cases can lead to brain damage (kernicterus) if left untreated.
What to Do When Critical Levels are Reached
- Immediate Medical Attention: If tests show bilirubin levels are critical, it's crucial to seek medical help without delay.
- Further Testing: Doctors will likely conduct additional tests to determine the underlying cause of the high bilirubin.
- Treatment: Treatment will vary depending on the diagnosis, and may include phototherapy, medication, or in some cases, blood transfusions.
