Information management using Building Information Modelling (BIM) is the structured process of creating, managing, sharing, and utilizing data and information throughout a building's lifecycle, centered around a digital representation known as a Building Information Model.
Based on the provided reference, Building Information Management or BIM is the process of designing, constructing and operating a building with the use of electronic object-orientated information, i.e. Building Information Models. Therefore, information management using BIM involves effectively handling this "electronic object-orientated information" during these key project phases.
This approach moves beyond traditional paper-based methods or simple digital drawings (like CAD) to a collaborative way of working based on a shared digital model.
Understanding the Core Components
At its heart, information management with BIM relies on:
- Building Information Models (BIMs): These are not just 3D geometric models. They are rich databases where every object (a wall, a window, a door, a pipe) is intelligent and contains associated data, such as manufacturer information, thermal properties, cost, installation date, and maintenance schedules. This is the "electronic object-orientated information" mentioned in the definition.
- Processes: Defined workflows and procedures dictate how information is created, checked, approved, shared, and archived. Standards like ISO 19650 provide frameworks for these processes.
- Technology: Software platforms, Common Data Environments (CDEs), and digital tools are used to create, host, and manage the BIMs and associated documentation.
- People: The project team members, from architects and engineers to contractors and building owners, need defined roles and responsibilities for managing the information.
Why is Information Management Crucial in BIM?
Effective information management is vital because BIM generates vast amounts of interconnected data. Poor management can lead to:
- Information loss or duplication.
- Miscommunication and errors.
- Delays in decision-making.
- Increased costs.
- Difficulties during the operational phase of the building.
Proper management ensures that the right information is available to the right people at the right time, enabling better coordination, prediction of outcomes, and ultimately, improved project delivery and asset performance.
Information Management Across the Building Lifecycle
Information management using BIM spans the entire life of a building or infrastructure project:
| Stage | Information Focus | Management Activities |
|---|---|---|
| Design | Conceptual data, geometric models, performance data | Model creation, design option management, clash detection, data enrichment |
| Construction | Fabrication details, logistics, progress tracking | Linking construction schedules to models, site progress updates, issue tracking |
| Operation | Asset data, maintenance schedules, warranties, manuals | Handover of accurate 'as-built' data, facility management system integration, updates |
- Early Stages: Focus is on defining project requirements, creating initial models, and establishing information standards.
- Construction Phase: Information management ensures contractors have the necessary details, track changes, and manage site-specific data.
- Operational Phase: The rich data embedded in the BIM becomes a valuable asset for facility management, maintenance, and future renovations.
Practical Insights
- Implementing a Common Data Environment (CDE) is fundamental. A CDE is a central repository where all project information is collected, managed, and disseminated. It ensures everyone is working with the latest approved information.
- Defining clear Information Requirements at the project outset (e.g., Employer's Information Requirements - EIR) is crucial. This specifies what information is needed, when, and to what level of detail.
- Establishing robust Validation and Verification processes ensures the quality and accuracy of the information being produced and shared.
In essence, information management using BIM is the discipline that harnesses the power of the digital model and its associated data to achieve more efficient, collaborative, and predictable outcomes throughout the building lifecycle. It transforms the BIM from a static model into a dynamic, shared knowledge base.
