Biological matrices are the environments in which analytes (like drugs, metabolites, or biomarkers) are measured in bioanalysis. Several biological materials serve as matrices for testing. Here are some common examples:
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Plasma: The liquid component of blood, obtained after separating blood cells.
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Serum: The fluid that remains after blood clots and blood cells are removed.
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Urine: A liquid waste product excreted by the kidneys.
Besides these common matrices, bioanalysis can also be performed on:
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Tissues: Samples from organs or other body tissues.
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Saliva: Fluid secreted by the salivary glands.
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Tears: Fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands.
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Bile: A fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion.
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Dried Blood Spots (DBS): Blood samples collected on filter paper and dried. These are especially useful for remote sampling and storage.
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Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): Fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
In summary, biological matrices encompass a wide range of bodily fluids and tissues used to measure various substances within a biological system.
