The askiitians notes mention two primary modes of reproduction: sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction, focusing on the genetic implications and differences between them.
Asexual Reproduction
- Definition: A new individual develops from a single cell or a vegetative part of one parent.
- Genetic Identity: Offspring are genetically identical to their parents. This results in clones.
- Involvement of Gametes: Gametes (sex cells) are not involved in asexual reproduction.
- Zygote Formation: There is no zygote formation in asexual reproduction.
- Examples: Budding in yeast, binary fission in bacteria, vegetative propagation in plants (e.g., runners in strawberries, bulbs in onions).
Sexual Reproduction
- Definition: A new individual develops from a zygote formed by the fusion of two gametes. These gametes may be produced by one or two parents.
- Genetic Diversity: Offspring are not genetically identical to their parents; they exhibit genetic variation due to the mixing of genetic material from two parents (if applicable) and the processes of meiosis and fertilization.
- Involvement of Gametes: Gametes (sperm and egg) are involved.
- Zygote Formation: A zygote (fertilized egg) is formed through the fusion of gametes.
- Examples: Reproduction in humans, flowering plants, and many other animals.
In summary, the key difference lies in whether a single parent gives rise to offspring (asexual reproduction) or whether two parents contribute genetic material to form a new individual (sexual reproduction). Asexual reproduction results in genetically identical offspring, while sexual reproduction results in genetically diverse offspring.
