A Complete Blood Count (CBC) test measures the number and size of different cells in your blood. Specifically, a CBC examines:
Key Components Measured by a CBC Test
A CBC test provides a comprehensive look at the cellular components of your blood. Here’s what it measures:
Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
- RBCs are crucial for carrying oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body.
- A CBC measures the number of RBCs, which can help diagnose conditions like anemia or polycythemia.
- The size and shape of RBCs are also assessed, providing further diagnostic information.
White Blood Cells (WBCs)
- WBCs play a vital role in fighting infections and other diseases.
- A CBC test measures the total number of WBCs, as well as the different types of WBCs, like neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
- Elevated or decreased levels of WBCs can indicate various conditions, including infections, inflammation, or autoimmune disorders.
Platelets
- Platelets are essential for blood clotting, helping to stop bleeding.
- A CBC measures the number of platelets in the blood, and can help diagnose conditions like thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) or thrombocytosis (high platelet count).
- Abnormal platelet counts can increase the risk of bleeding or clotting problems.
Understanding CBC Results
The results of a CBC test help healthcare providers assess your overall health. Abnormal results can indicate various conditions, requiring further investigation.
- Example: Low RBC count may suggest anemia, while an elevated WBC count could indicate an infection.
- Practical Insight: CBC tests are often part of routine check-ups and can help detect health issues early, allowing for prompt treatment.
Summary of What a CBC Measures
| Blood Cell Type | Function | What a CBC Measures |
|---|---|---|
| Red Blood Cells | Carry oxygen throughout the body | Number, size, and shape of RBCs |
| White Blood Cells | Fight infections and diseases | Total count and the types of WBCs |
| Platelets | Help in blood clotting | Number of platelets |
