An abnormal eosinophil count refers to a level of eosinophils in your blood that is either higher or lower than the normal range. While variations can occur, elevated eosinophil levels are often a sign that something is happening within the body, which the immune system is responding to.
Elevated Eosinophil Count
A high eosinophil count, also known as eosinophilia, may mean that your immune system is fighting some kind of infection from a virus, bacteria, or fungus or experiencing an allergic reaction. It may also be a sign of another health condition, such as an autoimmune disease.
Causes of Elevated Eosinophil Count:
- Infections: Viral, bacterial, or fungal infections can trigger an increase in eosinophil production as the body's immune system works to combat the pathogen.
- Allergic Reactions: Eosinophils play a role in allergic reactions; therefore, allergic responses to triggers such as pollen, food, or medications can cause eosinophil counts to rise.
- Autoimmune Diseases: Certain autoimmune conditions may result in increased eosinophil levels due to an overactive immune response.
Decreased Eosinophil Count
A low eosinophil count, or eosinopenia, is less common and can be caused by factors such as certain medications or medical conditions, such as Cushing's syndrome.
Understanding Normal Ranges
Eosinophil counts are typically measured as part of a complete blood count (CBC). It's important to note that normal ranges can vary slightly depending on the laboratory and testing method. However, generally:
| Condition | Eosinophil Count (per microliter of blood) |
|---|---|
| Normal | Less than 500 |
| Mild Elevated | 500 - 1500 |
| Moderate Elevated | 1500 - 5000 |
| Severe Elevated | Greater than 5000 |
Why Testing is Important
Testing for eosinophil counts is crucial because:
- It helps diagnose underlying medical conditions.
- It monitors the response to treatment for certain conditions.
- It allows healthcare providers to differentiate between various health issues that cause similar symptoms.
What to do if you have abnormal results
If you receive an abnormal eosinophil count, it is essential to consult your healthcare provider. They can interpret your results in the context of your overall health, symptoms, and medical history and advise on necessary further tests or treatments.
