Yes, immunoglobulin, specifically Intravenous Immune Globulin (IVIG), is derived from human blood plasma.
Immunoglobulin, also known as antibodies, are vital proteins used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens. Medical preparations like IVIG are used to treat various conditions, including primary immunodeficiency diseases and autoimmune disorders. Understanding where these preparations come from is important.
Based on the provided information:
"Intravenous immune globulin ("IVIG") is a product made up of human antibodies from blood donors that can be given intravenously (through a vein). It may be referred to as a “plasma derivative” because it is made from the blood plasma (the liquid part that does not contain any cells)."
This highlights the origin and nature of IVIG:
- Origin: It is sourced from the blood donated by people.
- Composition: It consists of concentrated human antibodies.
- Production: It is manufactured from blood plasma.
- Classification: It is considered a "plasma derivative".
What is Blood Plasma?
Blood plasma is the straw-colored liquid component of blood. It makes up roughly 55% of the blood's volume and is composed primarily of water (about 92% by volume) and contains dissolved proteins (including antibodies), glucose, mineral ions, hormones, carbon dioxide, platelets, and blood cells themselves.
However, when producing immunoglobulin preparations like IVIG, the process focuses on separating and purifying the antibodies from the plasma. The reference specifically notes that plasma is "the liquid part that does not contain any cells." This distinction is key because it means the final IVIG product does not contain the cellular components found in whole blood, such as:
- Red Blood Cells: Responsible for carrying oxygen.
- White Blood Cells: Involved in the cellular immune response.
- Platelets: Crucial for blood clotting.
Immunoglobulin: A Blood-Derived Product
Therefore, while the source material is blood (specifically the plasma component), the final immunoglobulin product is a refined derivative. It contains antibodies extracted from the plasma but does not contain the complete mixture of cells and liquid that constitutes whole blood. This is why receiving IVIG is different from receiving a whole blood transfusion.
In summary, immunoglobulin preparations are indeed derived from blood, utilizing the valuable antibodies found within the plasma component of donated blood.
