A bone density scan, also known as a DEXA or DXA scan, is a common test to assess bone health.
Understanding Bone Density Scans
A bone density scan is a low-dose X-ray that measures the amount of calcium and other minerals in your bones. This measurement is important because bones with higher mineral content are denser and stronger, making them less prone to fractures. The scan helps determine your bone's strength and thickness, which is referred to as bone density or bone mass.
Why are Bone Density Scans Important?
Bone density scans play a crucial role in:
- Diagnosing Osteoporosis: Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weakened bones, increasing the risk of fractures.
- Assessing Fracture Risk: The scan helps estimate your likelihood of breaking a bone.
- Monitoring Treatment: If you are undergoing treatment for osteoporosis or low bone density, the scan can track the effectiveness of the treatment.
What to Expect During a DEXA Scan
DEXA (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) scans are generally quick and painless. You lie on a padded table while a machine passes over your body, usually focusing on the spine and hip. The scan uses very low levels of radiation.
Results of a Bone Density Scan
The results of a bone density scan are typically reported as a T-score, which compares your bone density to that of a healthy young adult. A lower T-score indicates lower bone density and a higher risk of fractures.
| T-Score | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| -1.0 and above | Normal bone density |
| -1.0 to -2.5 | Osteopenia (low bone density, but not yet osteoporosis) |
| -2.5 and below | Osteoporosis (significantly reduced bone density, high risk of fractures) |
