Bark provides crucial protection and support for trees. Three key functions of bark are:
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Protection from Water Loss: Bark acts as a waterproof layer, preventing excessive water loss from the tree's tissues through evaporation. This is particularly important during dry periods.
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Defense Against Pests and Diseases: Bark serves as a physical barrier, protecting the tree from attacks by insects, fungi, and other pathogens that could cause damage or disease. Some bark even contains chemicals that further deter pests.
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Insulation from Temperature Extremes: Bark insulates the tree from drastic temperature changes, protecting the delicate inner tissues (cambium) from freezing in winter and overheating in summer.
These three functions are vital for the survival and health of trees. The specific properties of bark can vary widely between different tree species, reflecting adaptations to their specific environments.
