Non-flowering plants use either seeds or spores to reproduce.
These plants, unlike flowering plants, don't produce flowers or fruits. Instead, they rely on alternative methods for propagation. These two primary methods involve:
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Seeds: Some non-flowering plants, like conifers (pine trees, fir trees, etc.) and cycads, produce seeds. However, their seeds aren't enclosed within fruits as in flowering plants. They are often found in cones.
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Spores: Other non-flowering plants, such as ferns, mosses, and liverworts, reproduce using spores. Spores are tiny, single-celled structures that are dispersed into the environment. If a spore lands in a suitable location, it can germinate and grow into a new plant. These are significantly smaller and simpler than seeds.
Therefore, these structures ensure the continuation of their species.
