Increased brain fluid, particularly in cases of acquired hydrocephalus, can be caused by several factors. The provided reference identifies the most common causes as:
- Head trauma
- Stroke
- Brain or spinal cord tumors
These conditions can disrupt the normal flow and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), leading to an accumulation within the brain. This accumulation is what is referred to as an increase in brain fluid, specifically CSF. In essence, these conditions disrupt the delicate balance between CSF production and absorption.
Understanding Hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus isn't simply about more fluid being produced. It's about an imbalance. Fluid may be produced at a normal rate, but if the flow is blocked or absorption is impaired, fluid will build up.
Common Causes Explained
Here's a more detailed look at how these factors contribute to increased brain fluid:
Head Trauma
Head injuries can damage the brain's structures involved in CSF circulation and absorption.
- Bleeding: Trauma can cause bleeding within the brain, leading to clots that obstruct CSF pathways.
- Inflammation: Inflammation following a head injury can also impede CSF flow.
- Scarring: Scar tissue from the injury can block the ventricles or the subarachnoid space, disrupting normal CSF drainage.
Stroke
Strokes, whether ischemic (caused by a blood clot) or hemorrhagic (caused by bleeding), can lead to hydrocephalus.
- Blockage: A stroke can directly block CSF pathways.
- Inflammation: The inflammatory response following a stroke can interfere with CSF absorption.
Brain or Spinal Cord Tumors
Tumors can physically obstruct the flow of CSF.
- Direct Obstruction: Tumors located near the ventricles or other CSF pathways can directly block the fluid's movement.
- Increased Protein in CSF: Tumors can increase the amount of protein in CSF, impairing its absorption.
- Inflammation: Tumors can cause inflammation, further hindering CSF circulation.
