Brain inflammation, also known as encephalitis, is typically caused by an infection, most often from a virus. However, other factors can also lead to this condition.
Common Causes of Brain Inflammation
Here's a breakdown of the main culprits:
- Viral Infections: The most frequent cause of encephalitis is viral infection. Various viruses can trigger inflammation in the brain tissue.
- Examples of viruses include: Herpes simplex virus, enteroviruses, and arboviruses (transmitted by mosquitos or ticks).
- Immune System Problems: Sometimes, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the brain tissue, leading to inflammation. This autoimmune response is a less common cause.
- Conditions like autoimmune encephalitis fall under this category.
- Bacterial Infections: While less common than viral causes, certain bacterial infections can cause brain inflammation.
- Fungal Infections: In rare cases, fungal infections can be a cause of encephalitis, especially in people with weakened immune systems.
Understanding the Effects
Inflammation can affect different areas of the brain, from a single localized region to multiple widespread areas. The severity of the inflammation and the specific brain area affected will determine the symptoms a person experiences.
Summary
| Cause | Description | Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| Viral Infections | Most common cause; various viruses can lead to inflammation | High |
| Immune System Issues | Body's defense system mistakenly attacks the brain | Moderate |
| Bacterial Infections | Less common than viral; certain bacteria can cause inflammation | Low |
| Fungal Infections | Rare cause, especially in people with weakened immune systems | Very Low |
