Brain tumors typically start when certain genes on a cell's chromosomes become damaged and malfunction, although the exact reasons why this happens are often unclear.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
-
The Role of DNA: DNA resides within our chromosomes and acts as a blueprint, instructing cells on when to grow, divide, and die. These instructions are crucial for maintaining healthy tissue.
-
Genetic Damage: When genes that control cell growth and division are damaged, cells can start growing uncontrollably. This unregulated growth can lead to the formation of a tumor. This damage can result in:
- Uncontrolled Growth: Cells multiply without proper signals to stop.
- Failure to Die: Cells that should naturally die off continue to survive.
-
Why Damage Occurs (Often Unknown): While the mechanism of tumor development is understood, the specific causes of the initial genetic damage are frequently unknown. However, certain factors are associated with an increased risk, including:
- Inherited Genetic Conditions: Some genetic syndromes predispose individuals to developing brain tumors.
- Exposure to Radiation: Radiation, such as from previous cancer treatments, can increase the risk.
-
Different Types of Tumors: Not all brain tumors are cancerous. Some are benign (non-cancerous) and grow slowly, while others are malignant (cancerous) and grow rapidly.
Therefore, the starting point for a brain tumor involves genetic damage disrupting the normal cell cycle, leading to uncontrolled growth, even though the exact cause of this damage is often uncertain.
