Generally, while sharing breast milk between mothers is possible, it's discouraged casually due to potential health risks.
Risks Associated with Casual Breast Milk Sharing
While breast milk is beneficial for infants, informal sharing poses certain risks:
- Contamination: Breast milk can be contaminated with bacteria, viruses (like HIV, hepatitis, and CMV), or medications.
- Unknown Medical History: The recipient mother may not be aware of the donor mother's full medical history, including potential drug use or health conditions.
- Improper Storage: Improper storage and handling can lead to bacterial growth and spoilage of the milk.
- Dilution/Adulteration: There's a risk that breast milk could be diluted or mixed with other substances.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) discourage casual sharing due to these risks.
Alternatives to Casual Sharing: Milk Banks
A safer alternative is using milk banks. Milk banks screen donors, test the milk for contaminants, and pasteurize it to kill harmful bacteria and viruses. This significantly reduces the risks associated with sharing breast milk.
Circumstances Where Sharing Might Be Considered (With Precautions)
In some situations, mothers might consider sharing breast milk with careful precautions:
- Known and Trusted Donor: If the donor is a close friend or relative, and both mothers have open communication about their health and lifestyle. However, even in these cases, it's wise to consult with a pediatrician.
- Screening and Testing: If both mothers agree to undergo thorough medical screening and milk testing, this can reduce some risks.
- Pasteurization: Pasteurizing the milk at home can help kill some bacteria, but it doesn't eliminate all risks.
Important Note: Even with precautions, casual breast milk sharing carries inherent risks that may outweigh the benefits. Consulting with a pediatrician or lactation consultant is strongly recommended before considering this option.
