The fundamental difference between stringers and floor beams in a bridge deck lies in their orientation and the load they carry: stringers are the lighter longitudinal beams, while floor beams are the heavier transverse members.
Key Distinctions
Based on how bridge decks are constructed, these structural elements play distinct roles.
- Stringers: These are the beams that run lengthwise, parallel to the direction of traffic flow. As per the reference, they are the "lightly loaded longitudinal beams." They directly support the bridge deck surface (like asphalt or concrete).
- Floor Beams: These are the members that span across the width of the bridge, perpendicular to the direction of traffic flow. According to the reference, they are the "heavier, transverse members." They support the stringers, transferring the load from the deck and stringers to the main bridge supports (like girders, trusses, or piers).
Think of it like a floor in a house: the floor joists (similar to stringers) support the floorboards directly and are supported by larger beams (similar to floor beams) which, in turn, rest on the foundation walls or columns.
Summary Table
| Feature | Stringers | Floor Beams |
|---|---|---|
| Orientation | Longitudinal (lengthwise) | Transverse (across width) |
| Load | Lightly loaded | Heavier, carry load from stringers |
| Supported By | Floor Beams | Main bridge supports |
In summary, as the reference states, in a bridge deck the lightly loaded longitudinal beams are the stringers; the heavier, transverse members are called floor beams. This difference in orientation and load capacity defines their respective roles in the bridge's structural system.
