Beam bridges are the simplest structural forms, and their primary support systems, according to the provided reference, are abutments and piers.
Understanding Beam Bridge Supports
Based on the reference, beam bridges rely on specific elements to bear the load of the span and transfer it to the ground.
According to the provided reference:
- Beam bridges are "supported by an abutment or pier at each end."
- The reference also mentions "Multispan plate girder bridge deck on concrete piers," indicating that piers can also serve as intermediate supports for longer bridges composed of multiple spans.
This means that the essential supports identified are structures placed at the ends of the bridge and, in the case of longer bridges made of several sections (multispan), additional supports located between the ends.
Here's a breakdown of the support types mentioned:
- Abutments: These are typically found at the very ends of the bridge, connecting the bridge structure to the approach embankment or road. As stated, they support the beam span at each end.
- Piers: Piers can also be located at the ends of a beam bridge, serving a similar purpose to abutments. Crucially, the reference highlights their role in multispan bridges, where piers act as intermediate supports between successive spans, such as "concrete piers" supporting a "multispan plate girder bridge deck."
These support systems bear the vertical load of the bridge deck and the traffic it carries, transferring that load down into the foundation and the ground below. The reference emphasizes the "simply supported" nature of beam bridges, meaning these supports bear the load without transferring significant bending forces (moments) through the connection itself.
In summary, the supports enable the beam bridge to function by holding up the deck at its ends and at intermediate points where necessary.
Summary of Support Types:
| Support Type | Location (According to Reference) |
|---|---|
| Abutment | At each end |
| Pier | At each end; also intermediate in multispan bridges |
These elements are fundamental to the structural integrity of beam bridges, ensuring the bridge span is adequately supported.
