Brown cells, also known as brown fat cells or brown adipose tissue (BAT), are a type of fat cell that is distinct from white fat cells. Brown fat is brown because its cells are packed with mitochondria, which are energy-generating powerhouses that contain iron.
Brown fat's primary function is to generate heat. When exposed to cold temperatures, brown fat cells break down blood sugar (glucose) and fat molecules to create heat and help maintain body temperature. This process is known as thermogenesis.
In contrast to white fat, which primarily stores energy, brown fat helps burn energy and may play a role in improving metabolism and combating obesity. While brown fat is more prevalent in infants, adults also have some brown fat, which can be activated by cold exposure and exercise.
