What is Flooring in Building?

Flooring in a building refers to the permanent covering applied to a floor structure, or the act of installing this covering.

In simpler terms, flooring is what you walk on inside a building. It's the top surface layer that finishes the structural floor. The term "flooring is the general term for a permanent covering of a floor, or for the work of installing such a floor covering," as stated in the provided reference.

This definition highlights two key aspects:

1. The material itself: The finished surface layer (the permanent covering).
2. The process: The activity involved in laying down that material (the work of installing).

Flooring vs. Floor Covering

While often used interchangeably, the reference clarifies the relationship: "Floor covering is a term to generically describe any finish material applied over a floor structure to provide a walking surface."

So:

• Floor Covering: The material applied over the structural floor (e.g., carpet, tile, wood planks).
• Flooring: The broader term that can mean either the floor covering material itself or the process of installing that material.

Essentially, a floor covering is a type of flooring material, and installing it is part of the flooring process.

Why is Flooring Important?

Flooring serves several crucial functions in a building:

• Provides a walking surface: It creates a level, stable, and comfortable area to walk on.
• Protection: It protects the underlying structural floor from wear, spills, and damage.
• Aesthetics: It significantly contributes to the look and feel of a room or building.
• Comfort: Certain materials can add warmth, sound insulation, or cushioning.
• Safety: Some flooring types offer slip resistance or fire resistance.

Common Types of Flooring Materials

There's a vast array of materials used for flooring, chosen based on factors like location (e.g., kitchen, bathroom, living room), traffic level, budget, desired look, and functional needs.

Here are some common examples:

• Resilient Flooring:
  • Vinyl (sheet, tile, plank)
  • Linoleum
  • Rubber
• Hard Flooring:
  • Wood (hardwood, engineered wood, bamboo)
  • Tile (ceramic, porcelain, stone)
  • Concrete
  • Laminate
• Soft Flooring:
  • Carpet (broadloom, tiles)
  • Rugs (often considered a non-permanent floor covering on top of flooring)

Selecting the right flooring involves considering its durability, maintenance requirements, moisture resistance, cost, and installation method.