Lactated Ringer's (RL) solution is used in burn treatment primarily to combat fluid loss due to evaporation.
Understanding Fluid Loss in Burns
Burn injuries disrupt the skin's natural barrier, leading to a significant loss of fluids through evaporation from the damaged tissue. This fluid loss, if not addressed, can lead to:
- Hypovolemia (low blood volume)
- Electrolyte imbalances
- Shock
Why RL Specifically?
RL is an isotonic crystalloid solution, meaning its concentration of electrolytes closely matches that of blood plasma. It is favored in burn resuscitation because:
- Replaces lost fluid: RL effectively restores the circulating blood volume lost through evaporation and other mechanisms.
- Electrolyte balance: It provides crucial electrolytes like sodium, chloride, potassium, and calcium, which are also lost in burn injuries.
- Buffer: Lactate is metabolized by the liver into bicarbonate, which helps to correct metabolic acidosis commonly seen in burn patients.
RL in the Context of Burn Treatment Regimens
According to the provided reference, a new fluid therapy regime uses RL and Dextrose Normal Saline (DNS). The RL is specifically used @ 2ml/kg/%body weight to address the fluid lost via evaporation. DNS is used for maintenance fluid.
| Fluid Type | Purpose | Dosage |
|---|---|---|
| Lactated Ringer's (RL) | Counter evaporative fluid loss | 2ml/kg/%body weight |
| Dextrose Normal Saline (DNS) | Maintenance fluid | Variable, as per clinical judgment |
Practical Insights
- The rate of RL administration is often guided by the extent of the burn.
- Close monitoring of the patient's vital signs and urine output is crucial to ensure adequate resuscitation and avoid fluid overload.
Therefore, RL is essential in the initial management of burns to replace lost fluids and maintain crucial electrolyte balance.
