Second-degree burns are painful and hurt to touch. The affected area typically swells, appears red, and may develop blisters.
Understanding Second-Degree Burns
Second-degree burns are classified into two subtypes: superficial and deep. These burns impact both the epidermis (outer layer of the skin) and the dermis (layer beneath).
Superficial Second-Degree Burns
- These burns affect the upper layers of the dermis.
- They are characterized by:
- Redness
- Blistering
- Pain
- Swelling
- Superficial second-degree burns typically heal in about two weeks, often without scarring.
Deep Second-Degree Burns
- These burns affect the deeper layers of the dermis.
- They are characterized by:
- Blistering
- Significant pain
- Swelling
- Skin that may look pale or waxy.
- Deep second-degree burns usually take longer to heal and may result in scarring.
Why Second-Degree Burns Hurt
The pain associated with second-degree burns is caused by damage to nerve endings within the skin. The blisters that form are filled with fluid, which contributes to the sensation of pressure and discomfort.
Treatment and Care
It is vital to seek medical advice for second-degree burns, especially if they are large or located on sensitive parts of the body.
- Cool the Burn: Immediately run cool water over the affected area for 10-20 minutes. Avoid using ice, as this can further damage the tissue.
- Clean and Dress: Clean the burn gently with mild soap and water. Cover with a sterile, non-stick bandage. Change the dressing daily, or as needed.
- Medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage discomfort. In severe cases, a doctor might prescribe stronger pain medication or antibiotics.
When to Seek Medical Help
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms:
- Large burns, especially those covering the face, hands, feet, or genitals.
- Burns that appear deep or charred.
- Signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, pus, or fever.
- Burns that are not healing properly.
