The butterfly with prominent eyespots is from the central and South American genus Caligo, commonly known as owl butterflies.
These butterflies feature large, round eyespots on their hindwings, strikingly resembling the eyes of an owl. This adaptation serves as a defense mechanism, helping to startle or deter potential predators. While Caligo butterflies are the most well-known for their very prominent eyespots, many other butterflies and moths possess eyespots on their wings, often hidden on the hindwings, used to flash predators.
Here's a further breakdown:
- Caligo (Owl Butterflies): These are the most famous examples, with large, clearly defined eyespots.
- Other Butterflies and Moths: Numerous other species possess eyespots, though they might be smaller, less distinct, or located on the underside of the wings. These are also a form of defense.
The purpose of these "eyes" is typically:
- Predator Deterrence: Eyespots can startle a predator, giving the butterfly time to escape.
- Deflection: They can direct attacks towards less vulnerable parts of the butterfly's body.
- Mimicry: In some cases, the eyespots may mimic the eyes of a larger, more dangerous animal.
In short, while many butterflies possess eyespots, the owl butterfly (Caligo) is best known for its particularly large and striking eye-like markings.
