In videography, an arc primarily refers to an arc shot, which is a distinctive camera movement.
An arc shot is defined as a camera move around the subject, somewhat like a tracking shot. This type of shot follows a curved path, orbiting the subject rather than moving alongside it in a straight line. This movement traces an arc, similar to how, in mathematics, an arc is a segment of the circumference of a circle.
Defining the Arc Shot
The essence of an arc shot lies in its circular or semi-circular motion around a fixed point or character. Unlike a standard tracking shot that might run parallel to the subject, an arc shot swings the camera in a curve.
- Movement: The camera physically moves in a curve around the subject.
- Subject: The subject typically remains centered or consistently framed while the background changes dynamically.
- Shape: The path forms an arc, resembling a portion of a circle.
Why Use an Arc Shot?
Filmmakers employ arc shots for several compelling reasons:
- Revealing Environment: They are excellent for showing the subject within their surroundings, revealing the 3D space they occupy.
- Adding Dynamism: The movement injects energy and visual interest into a scene.
- Emphasizing Moments: An arc shot can draw attention to a significant dialogue or dramatic realization by creating a sense of importance and focus on the character.
- Showing Relationships: Orbiting around multiple characters can illustrate their connection or tension.
- Creating Mood: A slow, subtle arc can build intimacy, while a faster one might create tension or unease.
Executing an Arc Shot
Arc shots can be achieved using various equipment:
- Dollies and Tracks: Laying curved tracks allows for smooth, precise arc movements.
- Gimbals and Stabilizers: These allow operators to walk in a circle around the subject while keeping the footage stable.
- Steadicam: A Steadicam operator can carefully walk in a circle around the subject.
| Shot Type | Movement | Path Shape | Common Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arc Shot | Camera orbits the subject | Curved / Circular | Revealing environment, dramatic emphasis |
| Tracking Shot | Camera moves alongside the subject laterally | Straight | Following action, showing journey progress |
In summary, when videographers talk about an 'arc', they are almost always referring to the arc shot, a dynamic camera movement that curves around the subject, utilizing the principles of circular motion to enhance storytelling and visual impact.
