Colorectal Cancer Testing (CRC) refers to tests used to screen, diagnose, monitor, and manage colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer is a significant health concern, ranking as the third leading cause of cancer deaths for both women and men. Therefore, effective CRC testing is crucial for early detection and improved patient outcomes.
CRC testing encompasses a variety of methods, including:
- Screening Tests: These tests aim to detect colorectal cancer or precancerous polyps in people without symptoms. Common screening tests include:
- Colonoscopy: A visual examination of the entire colon using a flexible tube with a camera.
- Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT): Checks for hidden blood in the stool.
- Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT): A more specific test for blood in the stool than FOBT.
- FIT-DNA Test: Combines the FIT test with a test that detects abnormal DNA in the stool.
- Flexible Sigmoidoscopy: A visual examination of the lower part of the colon using a flexible tube with a camera.
- CT Colonography (Virtual Colonoscopy): Uses X-rays and computers to create images of the colon.
- Diagnostic Tests: These tests are used to confirm a diagnosis of colorectal cancer after an abnormal screening result or when a person has symptoms. This generally involves a colonoscopy with biopsy.
- Monitoring Tests: These tests are used to monitor patients who have been treated for colorectal cancer to detect any recurrence. Examples include regular colonoscopies and blood tests.
The specific CRC test recommended depends on individual factors such as age, risk factors, and medical history. It is important to discuss screening options with a healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate approach.
In summary, CRC testing is a multifaceted approach to combat colorectal cancer, involving screening, diagnosis, monitoring and management strategies. Early detection through regular testing significantly improves the chances of successful treatment and survival.
