Tracking on a car, specifically referring to wheel alignment or "toe," is typically done by measuring the angle and direction the wheels are pointing relative to each other and the vehicle's center line. One method involves using a specialized tracking tool to directly measure the distance between the front and rear edges of the wheel rims.
Understanding Car Tracking (Wheel Alignment)
Car tracking, or wheel alignment, is crucial for:
- Even Tire Wear: Incorrect tracking causes tires to wear out quickly and unevenly.
- Vehicle Handling: Proper alignment ensures stable steering and predictable handling.
- Fuel Efficiency: Correctly aligned wheels roll with less resistance, improving mileage.
The primary aspect measured in basic tracking is the "toe" angle. This is whether the wheels on an axle are pointed slightly inward (toe-in) or outward (toe-out) when viewed from above.
Manual Tracking Using a Tracking Tool
One way to check wheel tracking manually involves using a specific measuring tool. This method, often used for basic toe measurement, follows these steps:
- Preparation: Ensure the car is parked on level ground.
- Tool Positioning: Position the tracking tool so that its arms rest against the front of the wheel rims. The tool is offered up to the wheels and adjusted so that the arms sit against the front lip of each wheel rim.
- Accurate Contact: It's important to make sure the tool touches the rim as close to the centreline as possible for an accurate reading.
By comparing the distance measured at the front of the wheels with the distance measured at the rear (often done by moving the tool or the car), one can determine if the wheels are pointing inward (toe-in) or outward (toe-out). Adjustments are then made to suspension components (like tie rods) to correct the angle.
Modern Tracking Methods
While manual tools like the one described are still used, especially by enthusiasts or for basic checks, modern garages typically use more advanced systems for comprehensive wheel alignment, which includes not just toe, but also camber and caster angles. These systems often utilize:
- Laser Alignment: Lasers are mounted on the wheels to project beams onto scales or targets, providing precise measurements.
- Computerized Alignment: Sensors are attached to each wheel and connected to a computer that provides detailed, real-time measurements and guidance for adjustments.
Regardless of the method, the goal of tracking is to ensure the wheels are aligned according to the vehicle manufacturer's specifications.
